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Florida Mosquito Control Association |
Arbovirus Surveillance Reports - 2002 Annual Arbovirus Surveillance Summary Report: 2002 December 2002 The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during December, were lower than the level of activity for November. There were 2 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is not significantly different from historical activity for December. There were 87 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinels (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during December, 2002. All were confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa or Serum Neutralization. Activity occurred throughout the state, but was heaviest in the central region. Sera from 119 non-sentinel animals (wild birds and other species) were screened by HAI. Flavivirus HAI antibody was present in 6 birds (2 bluejays, 2 whooping cranes, 1 dove,1 grackle); alphavirus (EEE) antibody was present in 6 (3 bluejays, 2 cardinals, 2 whooping cranes). Dead animals, primarily birds continue to be submitted
for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During December, 2002, tissues
from 239 birds and 3 mammals were received for arbovirus detection/isolation:
EEE was detected in 2 finches (Santa Rosa county). WNV virus was detected
in 21 birds: crow (5), bluejay (6), cardinal (2), thrush (2), dove
(1), bluebird (1), hawk (1), kestrel (1), titmouse (1) and woodpecker
(1). These birds came from the following counties: November 2002 The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during November, were slightly lower than the level of activity for October. There were 7 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is not significantly different from historical activity for November. There were 39 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinels (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during November, 2002. All were confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa or Serum Neutralization. Activity occurred throughout the state. Sera from 180 non-sentinel animalsd (wild birds and other species) were screened by HAI. Flavivirus HAI antibody was present in 5 birds (2 ostrich, 1 hawk,1 crane ,1 flamingo); alphavirus (EEE) antibody was present in 2 (ostrich). Flavivirus antibody was detected in 1 horse. Dead animals, primarily birds continue to be submitted
for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During November, 2002, tissues
from 353 birds and 5 mammals were received for arbovirus detection/isolation:
EEE was detected in 1 horse. WNV virus was detected in 2 mammals (squirrels)
and in 61 birds: crow (31), bluejay (11), dove (4), cardinal (4), catbird
(1), cockatiel (2), cuckoo (1), flycatcher (1), grosbeak (1), hawk
(1), owl (1), parakeet (1), phoebe (1), thrush (1) and warbler (1).
These birds came from the following counties: There were 12 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is not significantly different from historical activity for October. There were 306 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinels (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during October, 2002. All were confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa or Serum Neutralization. Activity occurred throughout the state. Sera from 180 non-sentinel avians (wild birds) were screened by HAI. Flavivirus HAI antibody was present in 4 (2 ostrich, 1 raptor, , flamingo); alphavirus (EEE) antibody was present in 4 (2 ostrich, 2 secretary birds). Flavivirus antibody was detected in 1 horse and 1 dog. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During October, 2002, tissues from 917 birds and 15 mammals were received for arbovirus detection/isolation: EEE was not detected. WNV virus was detected in 2 mammals and in 154 birds: bluejay (62), crow (69), sparrow (2), dove (2), cardinal (3), bluebird (1), grackle (2), hawk (3), heron (1), parrot (1), shrike (2), swan (1), vireo (1) and titmouse (4). These birds came from the following counties: County #+ Mosquito pools (890) were submitted from Citrus, Collier,
Escambia,Monroe, Palm Beach, Pinellas, Sarasota and St. Johns counties.
WNV was isolated from 3 pools of Culex nigripalpus (2 Collier, 1 Palm
Beach county), one pool of mixed Culex sp. From Escambia county and
2 pools of Oc. taeniorhyncus from St. John's county. September 2002 The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during September, were higher than the level of activity for August. There were 5 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is not significantly different from historical activity for September. There were 308 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinels (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during September, 2002. All were confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa or Serum Neutralization. Activity occurred throughout the state. Sera from 164 non-sentinel avians (wild birds) were screened by HAI. Flavivirus HAI antibody was present in 6 (2 raptors, 1 ducks, 2 corvids); alphavirus (EEE) antibody was present in 9 (5 cranes, 1 raptor, 1 corvid). Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus
detection in tissues. During September, 2002, tissues from 706 birds
and 11 mammals were received for arbovirus detection/isolation: EEE
was not detected. WNV virus was detected in 120 birds: bluejay (49),
crow (43), sparrow (6), dove (7), cardinal (1), mockingbird (1), chicken
(4), grackle (1), raptor (4), thrush(1), duck (1), ovenbird (1) and
titmouse (1). These birds came from Escambia (45), Lake (15), Sarasota
(12), Marion (8), Alachua (52), Orange (5), Collier (4), Jackson (3),
Palm Beach (3), Pasco (3), Highlands (2), Levy (2), Okaloosa (2), Pinellas
(2), Seminole (2), Charlotte (1), Clay (1), Hardee (1), Hendry (1),
Hernando (1), Putnam (1) and Sumter (1) counties. Mosquito pools (415)
were submitted from Citrus, Collier, Palm Beach St. Johns and Pinellas
counties. WNV was isolated from 5 pools of Culex nigrapalpus (4 Collier,
1 Pinellas county). Isolates from 3 pools of Oc. taeniorhyncus (St.
John's county) are pending identification.
There were 5 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is not significantly different from historical activity for August. There were 196 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinels (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during August, 2002. All were confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa or Serum Neutralization. Activity occurred throughout the state. Sera from 228 non-sentinel avians (wild birds) were screened by HAI. Flavivirus HAI antibody was present in 6 (4 raptors, 2 ducks); alphavirus (EEE) antibody was present in 5 (2 bluejay, 1 each hawk, cardinal, and grackle). Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus
detection in tissues. During August, 2002, tissues from 875 birds and
14 mammals were received for arbovirus detection/isolation: EEE was
not detected. WNV virus was detected in 65 birds: bluejay (27), crow
(14), sparrow (6), dove (5), cardinal (3), mockingbird (2), chicken
(2), grackle (2), hawk (1), thrasher(1), owl (1) and titmouse (1).
These birds came from Escambia (33), Lake (6), Orange (4), Pasco (3),
Alachua (2), Hillsborough (2), Palm Beach (2), Putnam (2), Volusia
(2), Bradford (1), Clay (1), Collier (1), Flagler (1), Hernando (1),
Sarasota (1), Union (1), Walton (1) and Washington (1) counties. Mosquito
pools (630) were submitted from Citrus, Collier, Palm Beach ST. Johns
and Volusia counties. WNV was isolated from 7 pools of Culex nigrapalpus
(Volusia county) and from 8 pools of Oc. taeniorhyncus (St. John's
county). EEE virus was isolated from 1 pool of Cx. nigrapalpus from
Volusia county. July 2002 The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during July, were slightly greater than the level of activity for June. There were 7 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is similar to historical activity for July. There were 42 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinel(St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during July, 2002. All were confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa or Serum Neutralization (Brevard, Citrus, Flagler, Lee, Manatee, Martin, Orange, Osceola, Palm Brach, Putnam, Sarasota, Seminole, St. Johns, Volusia. Walton counties). Sera from 101 non-sentinel avians (wild birds) were screened by HAI. All were negative for flavivirus HAI antibody; a bluejay was positive for alphavirus (EEE) antibody. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During July, 2002, tissues from 193 birds and 7 mammals were received for arbovirus detection/isolation: EEE was detected in one horse (Polk); WNV virus was detected in 10 birds: 1 each crow, cardinal, dove, mockingbird, titmouse, bluebird, blackbird and 3 bluejays from Escambia (6), Flagler (1), Lake (1), Marion(1), Seminole(1) County. Mosquito pools (376) were submitted from Monore, Palm Beach and ST. Johns counties. All were negative for WNV. WNV was isolated in July from a pool of Culex nigrapalpus submitted by Pinellas county at the end of June.Historical HAI results June 2002 The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during June, were slightly greater than the level of activity for May. There were 6 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is similar to historical activity for June. There were 14 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinel(St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during June, 2002. Eleven birds confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa or Serum Neutralization (Orange, Pinellas, Volusia); the other 3 (Brevard, Flagler, Orange) were from sera collected at the end of June and are pending confirmation. Sera from 69 non-sentinel avians (wild birds) were screened by HAI. All were negative for arboviral HAI antibody. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection
in tissues. During June, 2002, tissues from 137 birds and 3 mammals were
received for arbovirus detection/isolation: EEE was not detected; WNV virus
was detected in 1 crow from Lake County. The first WNV positive dead bird
in Florida was detected just one year ago. Palm Beach & Pinellas counties
submitted 45 mosquito pools; all screened negative for WNV and have been
inoculated into cell culture. Assays are also in progress on 275 mosquito
pools submitted from Monroe County at the end of the month. May 2002 The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during May, were slightly greater than the level of activity for April. There were 7 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is greater than historical activity for May. There were 3 new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinel(St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during May, 2002. One bird confirmed as WN+ by IgM Elisa (Volusia); the other 2 (St. Lucie county) are pending confirmation. Sera from 28 non-sentinel avians (wild birds) were screened by HAI. All were negative for antibody. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During May, 2002, tissues from 178 birds and 5 mammals were received for arbovirus detection/isolation: WNV was not detected; EEE virus was detected in 1 equine brain. No mosqquito pools were received during May. Historical HAI results April 2002 The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during April, were slightly greater than the level of activity for March. Chickens are being set out earlier than in past years in order to detect early virus activity. There were 7 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is significantly greater than historical activity for April. There was one new HAI Flavivirus positive sentinel(St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during April, 2002. This bird confirmed as WN+ by serum neutralization, however, it was positive on first bleeding and thus was infected at an undetermined time in the past. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During April, 2002, tissues from 139 birds and 4 mammals were received for virus detection/isolation: WNV was detected in 3 dead birds: 2 crows from Putnam County and 1 Peacock from Palm Beach County. Historical HAI results March 2002. The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during March, were similar to the level of activity for February. Chickens are being set out earlier than in past years in order to detect early virus activity There were 11 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE); this is significantly greater than historical activity for March. There was one new seroconversions to a Flavivirus (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during March, 2002. This is similar to the mean and median levels for SLE during March. There is no historical data available for WN. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During March, 2002, tissues from 104 birds and 6 mammals were received for virus detection/isolation: WNV was not detected in these samples. EEE virus was detected in 1 horse. Historical HAI results February 2002. The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during February, were slightly increased from the level of activity for January. Chickens are being set out earlier than in past years in order to detect early virus activity There were 4 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE) and no new seroconversions to a Flavivirus (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during February, 2002. This is similar to the mean and median levels for SLE during February. EEE monthly activity is similar to the median historical levels for February. There is no historical data available for WN. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During February, 2002, tissues from 33 birds and 3 mammals were received for virus detection/isolation: WNV was not detected in these samples. Historical HAI results. January 2002. The numbers of sera submitted and counties participating in surveillance activities during January, were slightly reduced from the level of activity for December. There were 12 seroconversions to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEE) and 2 seroconversions to a Flavivirus (St Louis Encephalitis virus (SLE) antigen used in the HAI assay) during January, 2002. Both Flavivirus antibody positive sentinels were confirmed as due to West Nile (WNV) virus. No SLE activity was detected in the state this past month; this is similar to the mean and median levels for SLE during January. EEE monthly activity is significantly higher than the median historical levels for January. There is no historical data available for WN. Dead birds continue to be submitted for West Nile Virus detection in tissues. During January, 2002, tissues from 123 birds and 6 mammals were received for virus detection/isolation: WNV was detected in 0 mammal and 2 birds (turkey collected 1/10/20, Calhoun; hawk, collected 1/29/02, Alachua). 141 mosquito pools were received from Monroe County: West Nile Virus was detected in 1 pool (An. atropos)collected on 12/10/01. Historical HAI results.  back
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